In a terrifying incident that shook a Kentucky hospital, a man presumed to be brain-dead awoke on the operating table just as doctors were preparing to remove his heart for organ donation. This unsettling event, which took place in October 2021, has sparked multiple investigations and led to resignations among medical staff.
Thomas “T.J.” Hoover, a 36-year-old man, was taken to Baptist Health Richmond Hospital after a drug overdose. According to medical reports, doctors declared him brain-dead shortly after his arrival. As is standard in such cases, medical teams began running tests to determine if his organs were viable for donation. However, the situation took a shocking turn when Hoover suddenly started showing signs of life during the organ harvesting process.
Natasha Miller, a medical professional in charge of organ preservation that day, was among the first to notice something was wrong. She later recounted to NPR, “He was moving around — kind of thrashing. And then when we went over there, you could see he had tears coming down. He was crying visibly.”
The sight of Hoover, visibly conscious and in distress, stunned several members of the operating team. Two doctors immediately refused to proceed with the procedure, citing ethical concerns. However, what followed was even more disturbing.
Miller overheard the case coordinator for the Kentucky Organ Donor Affiliates (KODA) instruct staff to continue the procedure despite Hoover’s movements. She shared her chilling account with NPR, stating, “The coordinator calls the supervisor at the time. And she was saying that he was telling her that she needed to ‘find another doctor to do it’ — that ‘we were going to do this case. She needs to find someone else.’”
Further review of the case by KODA staff revealed additional alarming details. Nyckoletta Martin, another worker involved in the process, discovered that Hoover had shown signs of life earlier that morning during a cardiac catheterization procedure. “The donor had woken up during his procedure that morning for a cardiac catheterization. And he was thrashing around on the table,” she explained.
Shockingly, according to the case files, the medical staff sedated Hoover and continued with their plans to harvest his organs. This realization led several members of the KODA team to resign, with Martin expressing deep concerns about the current safeguards in place for donors. “I’ve dedicated my entire life to organ donation and transplant. It’s very scary to me now that these things are allowed to happen and there’s not more in place to protect donors,” she told NPR.
Hoover’s family was also left horrified by the ordeal. His sister, Donna Rhorer, recalled the moment her brother opened his eyes as he was being wheeled from the ICU to the operating room. Although hospital staff reassured her that it was merely a reflex, she now believes it was Hoover’s desperate attempt to communicate that he was still alive. “It was like it was his way of letting us know, you know, ‘Hey, I’m still here,’” Rhorer said.
While KODA has denied that anyone within their organization instructed doctors to proceed with the surgery on a living patient, the incident has raised serious questions about the protocols in place for organ donation. Kentucky’s attorney general has launched an investigation into the matter, and the federal Health Resources and Services Administration is also conducting a separate inquiry.
Miraculously, Hoover survived the ordeal and is now living with his sister. Although he still struggles with some issues related to memory, walking, and talking, his recovery has been remarkable. The horrifying incident has left many calling for stronger protections and clearer guidelines to prevent such tragedies from happening in the future.
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