The potential shutdown of U.S. ports, stretching from Maine to Texas, looms as the International Longshoremen’s Association (ILA), representing 45,000 dockworkers, threatens to strike. If the union follows through with the action, 36 vital ports handling half of the country’s cargo could come to a standstill by Monday night, causing significant disruptions to the supply chain.
The impact would be felt across the board, with both large and small retailers bracing for shortages and price hikes. With the holiday season around the corner, stores like Walmart, Home Depot, Ikea, and Amazon, which depend heavily on east coast ports for their imports, are likely to bear the brunt of the disruption. The last time the U.S. experienced empty shelves was during the post-pandemic supply chain crisis of 2021, and a similar situation may arise if the strike continues for an extended period.
At the heart of the dispute is the union’s demand for a wage increase. The ILA is seeking a 77% pay raise over the next six years. For an average union worker, this would mean their salary could jump from $81,120 to around $143,520, a significant boost. They are also demanding a total ban on the automation of cranes, gates, and container-moving trucks used for loading and unloading at the ports.
Retail analyst Neil Saunders from GlobalData warns that the strike will have two major consequences for consumers. He states: “First, it will push up costs for retailers and, therefore, prices for consumers. Second, it could lead to shortages of some products if retailers’ stock get stuck in the supply chain.” The strike comes at a critical time, Saunders adds, as “there is not much slack in the system” for retailers to absorb delays during the holiday rush.
Many retailers have started preparing for the possible shutdown by rerouting shipments to west coast ports and relying more on air freight. However, these alternatives come with higher costs, making them only partial solutions. “Basically, the country is very reliant on the smooth running of the ports, and disruption will come with a very heavy economic cost,” Saunders emphasized.
Supply chain expert Mark Baxa, president of the Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals, echoed similar concerns. “First and foremost, we can expect delays to market,” he said, highlighting the potential slowdowns in getting products to consumers.
The union’s contract with the U.S. Maritime Alliance, which represents the ports, is set to expire on Tuesday. Talks between the two sides have stalled, with no negotiations since June. If the strike happens, it would be the ILA’s first since 1977. Major ports like Boston, New York/New Jersey, Charleston, and Houston would be among those most affected by the work stoppage.
In response, there’s speculation about whether President Joe Biden might intervene. Under the Taft-Hartley Act, the President could request a court order to impose an 80-day cooling-off period, temporarily suspending the strike. While the Biden administration currently has no plans to take this route, analysts like Brian Ossenbeck from JPMorgan believe the economic implications might prompt swift government action.
A lengthy strike could have severe consequences. If it lasts only a few weeks, consumers might not notice significant shortages. But if the dispute drags on for months, the ripple effects could be far-reaching, with noticeable product shortages and price increases across various sectors, from groceries to vehicles.
Some businesses have already begun adjusting their strategies. For example, Daniel Vasquez, owner of Dynamic Auto Movers in Miami, has increased his inventory and expanded his network of shipping partners to smaller ports. This move, he says, gives him an advantage: “Having backup partners in place means we can reroute shipments efficiently if the strike hits hard.”
Despite these proactive measures, the uncertainty surrounding the strike is especially concerning for industries like toys, where sales are heavily concentrated during the holiday season. Greg Ahearn, president of The Toy Association, emphasized how critical this period is for toy sellers, with up to 60% of annual sales occurring in the fourth quarter. “From a consumer perspective, it starts with delays in availability and then starts to surface as product shortages within toys,” he warned.
In a joint effort, around 200 trade groups, including the National Retail Federation, have urged the Biden administration to step in and help broker a deal. With supply chains already fragile from pandemic-related disruptions and international tensions affecting shipping routes, the prospect of a strike at this critical juncture could send shockwaves through the U.S. economy.
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